Is It Permissible for a Woman to Call Non-Mahram Men to Allah?
Question: Can a woman give dawah to non mahram men? There is a Muslimah YouTuber who stated that it is ok to do so and she referenced al-Fatāwá al-jāmiʻah lil-marʼah al-Muslimah, page 10 10. بارك الله فيك
Summary:
Yes, it is permissible for a woman to call non-mahram men to Allah and to teach them matters of their religion when there is a need, provided that she adheres to the Islamic guidelines, including proper hijab, avoiding softening her speech, ensuring safety from temptation, and avoiding seclusion and other prohibited matters. This is established by the Quran, the Sunnah, and the practice of the Salaf. However, it is not permissible for dawah to become a means of prohibited mixing, excessive private communication, soft speech intended to attract attention, or causing temptation.
Answer:
First: The Basic Principle Is That Dawah Is Legislated for Both Men and Women.
From the Qur'an:
- Surah At-Tawbah 9:71
“The believing men and believing women are allies of one another. They enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong.”
This verse is general and includes both men and women. Allah has made enjoining good and forbidding evil among the characteristics of believing men and women.
- Surah Fussilat 41:33
“And who is better in speech than one who calls to Allah?”
This includes both men and women.
Second: Evidence from the Sunnah and the Practice of the Female Companions The Mothers of the Believers رضي الله عنهن taught both men and women, and the Companions would ask them about knowledge, fiqh, and hadith. The Companions frequently referred back to Aishah bint Abi Bakr رضي الله عنها regarding many matters of knowledge and fiqh. A large number of Companions and Followers narrated from her. Likewise, women would ask the Prophet ﷺ about knowledge, learn from him, and convey knowledge to others. This indicates the permissibility of a woman teaching men and benefiting them with knowledge when the Islamic guidelines are observed. Third: The Islamic Guidelines for a Woman Calling Men to Allah
From the Qur'an:
- Surah Al-Ahzab 33:32
“Do not be soft in speech, lest he in whose heart is a disease should become desirous, but speak in an appropriate manner.”
Among the most important guidelines are: Adhering to proper Islamic hijab. Avoiding softening the voice or speaking in a manner that causes temptation. Limiting speech to what is needed and serves a legitimate Islamic benefit. Avoiding seclusion and private communications that may lead to temptation. Ensuring safety from temptation for both the caller and the listener. Ensuring that the objective is dawah and teaching, not fame or excessive interaction with men. Fourth: The Ruling Regarding the Evidence Mentioned If Al-Fatawa Al-Jami'ah Lil-Mar'ah Al-Muslimah contains a statement permitting women to call men to Allah while observing the Islamic guidelines, then this agrees with the general evidences from the Quran, the Sunnah, and the practice of the Salaf. However, if unrestricted permissibility is intended without observing the Islamic guidelines, then that is not correct, because the Islamic texts establish the obligation of blocking the means to temptation and preserving chastity. What Is the Ruling on a Woman Appearing in Videos for Dawah? Contemporary scholars have held that the basic principle is that a woman should focus on teaching and calling women to Allah, as this is further from temptation and more protective for her, especially when the objective can be achieved without appearing before men through image and voice. Repeated visual appearance before millions of men may involve many Islamic concerns, including attraction to the image, expanding the display of adornment, drawing attention, and the comments, messages, and related matters that follow. For this reason, contemporary scholars have prohibited it or spoken very strongly against it, and they held that dawah can be achieved through other means that do not lead to these harms. The basic principle is that a woman teaching and calling other women to Allah is preferable, more complete, and further from temptation. If the objective can be achieved through writing, audio recordings, or direct teaching of women, then this is safer and more effective in blocking the means to harm. As for repeated visual appearance before non-mahram men on public platforms, it is not appropriate and should not be done because of the temptations and harms that result from it, especially when there is no necessity or overriding benefit that requires it. Final Answer: It is permissible for a woman to call non-mahram men to Allah and teach them matters of their religion. This is established by the general evidences of the Quran, the Sunnah, and the practice of the female Companions رضي الله عنهن. This is conditional upon observing the Islamic guidelines, including proper hijab, avoiding soft speech, ensuring safety from temptation, and avoiding seclusion and prohibited communications. It is not permissible for dawah to become a means of mixing between men and women or expanding personal relationships between them. Therefore, the basic principle is permissibility with Islamic guidelines, not absolute prohibition and not unrestricted permissibility. There is no doubt that limiting a woman's dawah and teaching to women is safer and further from temptation. As for repeated visual appearances before non-mahram men for the purpose of dawah and teaching, this is not correct and should not be done. If she is uncovered or displaying her adornment, then it is prohibited without any difference of opinion.
And Allah knows best.
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